Is described as  pain that is experienced in the Vulva ( external genitalia including outer lips, inner lips, clitoris) or some parts of it (Clitorodynia for only clitoris and vestibulodynia for region around vaginal opening) . The quality of this pain is often burning, stinging itching or numbing. Sometimes the pain is also described as “hot coals” or “acid being poured”, and often provoked by a light touch to the area. 

These pains may or may not happen with pelvic pain ( pain in lower abdomen , below belly button).

The term dyspareunia is defined as persistent or recurrent genital pain that occurs just before, during or after sex.There are two main types of dyspareunia, which are classified according to where the pain is. Superficial dyspareunia – pain at the opening or closer to the surface, usually during the initiation of vaginal penetration. Or Deep dyspareunia – pain deeper into the pelvis, often with deeper thrusts of intercourse. Both types can be caused by pelvic floor muscles as these muscles cover the entire depth of pelvis. But I will always work with a provider to rule out any organ disease in the pelvis that can cause pain.

Vaginismus is a spasm of the pelvic floor muscles that causes temporary narrowing of the vagina. Patients suffering from vaginismus often report feeling like there is a wall instead of the opening at vagina. Other sensations include stinging, burning or tearing as penetration is attempted. Vaginismus is a muscle response to expected penetration and has an extremely good prognosis with pelvic floor physical therapy. Most people who do therapy for vaginismus are able to tolerate penetrative sex without pain. 

Its a rare condition that involves experiencing unwanted sensations of arousal in your genitals that don’t resolve with one or more orgasms. Some common causes of persistent pain in genital regions could be : pelvic nerves , hormonal imbalance, pelvic floor muscles, drug induced reactions and pelvic injuries. It is also important to know that psychological stress, trauma and lack of sleep affect these conditions. More often that not, a multimodal approach of Pelvic floor PT, medications, Cognitive behavioral therapy and lifestyle changes are needed to resolve symptoms.

This can be a result of an overactive or non relaxing pelvic floor. It can cause pain with arousal in both men and women.